[45] [46] [47] After the sack of Bhatner fort during the Timurid conquests of India in 1398, Timur attacked and sacked the important cities like Sirsa , Fatehabad , Sunam , Kaithal and Panipat . [citation needed] The reversal did little to calm the religious violence in India, and Bengal alone witnessed at least nine violent riots, between Muslims and Hindus, in the 1910s through the 1930s. Nevertheless, looking at major, at times irreducible differences (behavior, reasoning, personal codes, food, language), one can understand how, before Independence, a number of politicians, who could not cope with the ways of the Congress Party, would put the emphasis on these differences and subscribed, instead, to what is known as the "Two-Nation theory" that was formulated by Mohammed Ali Jinnah in Lahore in 1940 (Brown 1963; Hardy 1972; Jalal 1985; M. Hasan 1993; Bernard 1994). Between 2001 and April 2005, one hundred cases of temple attacks have been registered with the police. In the late 11th century, the Hindu king Harsha of Kashmir plundered temples as an institutionalised activity. On May 7, the procession travelled through the area, shouting anti-Muslim slogans. Source: GRAFF, Violette. [92] The victors occupied the city for six months and had it destroyed while plundering the country. Muslims were prepared for the violence. [155][156][157], In Tripura, the National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT) attacked a Hindu temple and killed a spiritual leader there. Prominent among them are the 1998 Chamba massacre, the 2002 fidayeen attacks on Raghunath temple, the 2002 Akshardham Temple attack by Islamic terrorist outfit Lashkar-e-Toiba[223] and the 2006 Varanasi bombings (also by Lashkar-e-Toiba), resulting in many deaths and injuries. Back in 1979, the discovery of electoral rolls (for a local election) that included numerous foreign names caused a scandal. The partition of India is one of the worst events in the annals of India/Pakistan history. Sikandar made it a custom to destroy Hindu temples, example Mandrael and Utgir. They tried to resist but were defeated and fled. Fifteen to twenty persons were killed. [282] Hindus have made many contributions to Trinidad's history and culture even though the state historically regarded Hindus as second class citizens. 590 TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 06TH FEBRUARY, 2018/ MEGHA 17, 1939 (SAKA)", "111 people killed in 822 communal violence incidents in 2017: MHA", 107 killed in riots this year; 66 Muslims, 41 Hindus, "International Religious Freedom Report 2007 – India", "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices", "ANNUAL U.S. HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT GARNERS CRITICISM/PRAISE, EXPOSES U.S. 'DOUBLE STANDARD, "U.S. Rights Report Should Include U.S. [93], During the Portuguese rule of Goa, thousands of Hindus were coerced into accepting Christianity by the passage of laws that made it difficult for them to practice their faith, harassed them under false pretences or petty complaints, and gave favourable status to converts (indiacatos) and mestiços in terms of laws and jobs. Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg: The Chachnamah, An Ancient History of Sind, Giving the Hindu period down to the Arab Conquest. Fifteen persons lost their lives. [241], In October, 2018, a Christian personal security officer of an additional sessions judge assassinated his 38-year-old wife and his 18-year-old son for not converting to Christianity.[242]. During the 1947 partition there was religious violence between Muslim-Hindu, Muslim-Sikhs and Muslim-Jains on a gigantic scale. The Hindu press described the elopement as a rape attempt. [183] The partition was deeply resented, seen by both groups as evidence of British favoritism to the other side. [214] The insurgency paralyzed Punjab's economy until peace initiatives and elections were held in the 1990s. Aurangzeb was a devout Sunni Muslim, and regarded his blood brother as a "pestilent infidel". [116] These orders and his own initiative in implementing them led to the destruction of numerous temples,[117] estimated between dozens to thousands,[118][119][120] though he also built many temples. Waves of religious riots hit Bengal through 1907.