The route of administration is largely dependent on the property of the test substance and the objective of the experiment. Pain at injection sites for certain drugs 3. Certain deep areas can be approached by using a syringe and needle, but the drug should be in such a form that systemic absorption is slow, e.g. In this route of administration the drug is given into the muscles with the help of injection. All routes have both demerit and merit, such as the absorption, bioavailability and metab-olism of the substance. The drug (in solution or bound to a polymer) is held in a reservoir between an occlusive backing film and a rate controlling micropore membrane, the under surface of which is smeared with an adhesive impregnated with priming dose of the drug. The solution passes through the superficial layers and gets deposited in the subcutaneous tissue. Most drugs can be administered by a variety of routes. '��u>���9&��y���0��Jj&����s9':��E�„��J�#6�.wJ9�2��ۊ�l��� ��ۓ<3v I400�F �sqi ����(� The chief advantage is that liver is bypassed and drugs with high first pass metabolism can be absorbed directly into systemic circulation. January 2018 ; DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99593-9_6. The route chosen depends on the part of the body the drug needs to affect, how quickly the drug needs to work, and the ability of the owner to give the drug. Crystalline drug is packed in tubes or capsules made of suitable materials and implanted under the skin. Drug once reaches to the muscles, absorbs into the blood. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Parenteral routes can be employed even in unconscious, uncooperative or vomiting patient. adrenaline, insulin, etc. Get the best essay, research papers or dissertations. Condition of the patient (unconscious, vomiting). I made £13,870.30 last month and I was in Spain for most of that time. This has been tried for hormones and contraceptives (e.g. If you wish to opt out, please close your SlideShare account. These are devices in the form of adhesive patches of various shapes and sizes (5–20 cm2) which deliver the contained drug at a constant rate into systemic circulation via the stratum corneum (Fig. 1. 180 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<010C639B922FAA42AA6B5C1A0B3715FE><567888A3AD88754D9F943A36B5EB71D6>]/Index[168 37]/Info 167 0 R/Length 72/Prev 606049/Root 169 0 R/Size 205/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Though it is somewhat inconvenient, one can spit the drug after the desired effect has been obtained. Cannot be used for uncooperative/unconscious/ vomiting patient. Rapidity with which the response is desired (routine treatment or emergency). Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. This provides sustained release of the drug over weeks and months, e.g. Explaining Inequity in the Use of Family Planning and Institutional Delivery ... Technical, organizational and institutional arrangements for effective delive... Maternal and child health interventions in ghana, No public clipboards found for this slide, Scribd will begin operating the SlideShare business on September 24, 2020. Drug action is faster and surer (valuable in emergencies). It's incredible how much money you can make from just a few minutes betting each day when you have an expert team at your back. Drug absorbed into external haemorrhoidal veins (about 50%) bypasses liver, but not that absorbed into internal haemorrhoidal veins. What are the 6 routes of drug administration?